英语中的状语是指什么
英语中的状语是指用来修饰动词、形容词或者副词等内容的句子。它的作用主要是说明,如事情发生的时间、地点、目的、事情经过、结果、事情发生的原因等。
什么可以作状语?
1、副词:Say again.再说一遍。
Suddenly it began to rain.天突然下雨了。
2、介词短语:
Please come here in the evening.请晚上来这儿。
He wrote with a red pencil.他用红铅笔写的。
3、动词不定式(或不定式短语):
He went to see a film.他看电影去了。
My father was surprised to hear the news.
我父亲听到这个消息,感到惊奇。
4、分词(或分词短语):
He sat there reading a novel.他坐在那儿看小说。
The students went away laughing.学生们笑着走开了。
5、名词:
Wait a moment.等一会儿。
It can go all day and all night.它能整日整夜地走。
6、状语从句:
I’ll write to you as soon as I get there.
我一到那儿就给你写信。
He didn’t come because he had to stay at home to finish his home work.他没来,因为他不得不留在家里完成家庭作业。
状语的分类:
状语按用途可分为:地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等几类。
1、地点状语:
The students are doing their homework in the classroom.学生们正在教室里做作业。
2、时间状语:
I learned a lot from the peasants when I lived in the countryside.我在农村生活时,向农民学到很多东西。
3、目的状语:
They set out early so that they might arrive on time.他们早点动身,以便准时到达。
4、原因状语:
She will not go home because she has to attend a meeting.因为要开会,所以她不能回家了。
5、结果状语:
Li Ming studied so hard that he caught up with the others very quickly.李明学习如此努力,结果很快赶上了其他人。
6、程度状语:
I nearly forgot what he had promised.
我几乎忘记了他答应的事。
7、方式状语:
He came singing and dancing.他唱着跳着走过来。
8、条件状语:
If you work hard at English,you will do well in English.如果你努力学习英语,你的英语成绩就会好。
9、让步状语:
He went to school yesterday though he was ill.
昨天他尽管有病,仍上学去了。
10、比较状语:
Lesson Two is not so difficult as Lesson One.
第二课不像第一课那样难。
状语的位置:
一般说来状语在句中的位置比较灵活,它可以处于句首、句中或句末。
1、状语位于句首:为了强调状语或者为了使它与上下文紧密衔接,通常把状语放于句首。
Tomorrow I am going swimming.明天我要去游泳。
Here in the cinema house,smoking is not allowed.
在电影院这里不准吸烟的。
2、状语位于句中:状语在句中的位置是:
(1)如果没有助动词,状语就位于动词前面。
I often go to see a film.我经常看电影。
(2)如果动词前有一个或几个助动词,状语位于第一个助动词之后。
He has already had his lunch.他已吃过午饭了。
(3)如果动词是be,状语就放在be动词之后。
He is always at home.他总是在家。